KUMJ | VOL. 24 | NO. 1 | ISSUE 94 | JANUARY - MARCH, 2026

Efficacy of Single-dose Ketorolac in Reducing Pain in Patients Undergoing Double J-stent Removal under Local Anesthesia
KC HB, Sharma S

Abstract:
Background Double J (DJ) stents are regularly used after different urological procedures. They are mostly removed under local anesthesia using lignocaine gel. Patients often experience significant pain during and after stent removal. Objective To determine the effect of preemptive oral ketorolac on pain relief during and after DJ stent removal by rigid cystoscopy under local anesthesia. Method In this prospective comparative study, patients undergoing Double J stent removal under local anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups: group A received tab ketorolac 10mg one hour before the procedure and group B received no medications. Stent was removed by rigid cystoscope using 2% lignocaine gel. The pain during the procedure, at first void and at 24 hours were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score (0 to 10). The patient’s characteristics, pain score and any adverse events were recorded. Result Total of 276 patients (137 in group A and 139 in group B) underwent stent removal. The visual analogue scale pain score during the procedure and at first void was significantly lower in group A as compared to group B (3.0 ± 1.3 vs 3.68 ± 1.5, p < 0.001 and 1.98 ± 1.3 vs 2.55 ± 1.4, p = 0.001). However, the pain at 24 hours was similar between two groups (p=0.626). The demographic profiles, stent laterality, duration of stent and occurrence of side effects were comparable between two groups. Conclusion The use of single oral dose of ketorolac before Double J stent removal under local anesthesia using rigid cystoscope decreases pain significantly during the procedure and at first void with minimal side effects.
Keyword : Double J stent removal, Ketorolac, Local anesthesia, Pain