KUMJ | VOL. 11 | NO. 1 | ISSUE 41 | JAN-MAR, 2013
Bacterial Isolates and its Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in NICU
Shrestha S, Shrestha NC, Dongol Singh S, Shrestha RPB, Kayestha S, Shrestha M, Thakur NK
Abstract: Background
Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among the
newborns in the developing world.
Objectives
To determine the common bacterial isolates causing sepsis in neonatal intensive
care unit and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern.
Methods
A one year discriptive prospective study was conducted in neonatal intensive care
unit to analyse the results of blood culture and to look into the sensitivity of the
commonly used antibiotics.
Results
The blood culture yield by conventional method was 44.13% with nosocomial
sepsis accounting for 10.79%. 84.08% were culture proven early onset sepsis and
15.95% were late onset sepsis. Klebsiella infection was the commonest organism
isolated in early, late and nosocomial sepsis but statistically not significant. Gram
positive organisms were 39.36% in which Staphylococcus aureus was the leading
microorganism followed by coagulase negative staphylococcus areus. Gram
negative organisms were 60.64% amongst them Klebsiella was the most often
encountered followed by Pseudomonas. The most common organism Klebsiella was
87.5% and 78.3% resistance to ampicillin and gentamycin respectively. Among gram
negative isolates 87.5% and 77.2% were resistance to ampicillin and gentamycin
respectively. Among gram positive isolates 58.5% and 31.5% resistance were noted
to ampicillin and gentamycin respectively. Resistance to cefotaxim to gram negative
and gram positive isolates were 87.34% and 59.35% respectively.
Conclusion
Klebsiella is most common organism which is almost resistance to first line
antibiotics. Resistance to both gram negative and gram positive isolates among
firstline antibiotics and even with cefotaxim is emerging and is a major concern in
neonatal intensive care unit.
Keyword : Antibiotic susceptibility, bacterial isolates, neonates
