KUMJ | VOL. 22 | NO. 2 | ISSUE 86 | APRIL - JUNE, 2024
Prevalence of Renal and Urinary Tract Diseases among Pediatric Cases Admitted in a Tertiary Hospital in Developing Country
Gautam S, Gautam P, Chaudhary A, Dahal A, Giri P, Poudel S
Abstract: Background
Kidney disease includes diseases of the glomerulus, tubular disorders, and conditions
associated with hematuria or proteinuria. Urinalysis can be a reliable and easy tool
to screen.
Objective
In this study, we aim to study the prevalence of renal and urinary tract diseases
among the pediatric population in a tertiary hospital in Nepal.
Method
A single-center retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 2022 to
2023 in the pediatric department. Information was obtained regarding clinicalepidemiological
profile,
associated
condition,
investigations,
diagnosis,
and duration
of
hospital
stay,
management,
and outcome.
Result
The prevalence of renal disease was 5.6%, with urinary tract infection being the most
common diagnosis. Maximum cases presented between one and five years with a
male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1 and 80.9% of the patients had new onset disease. The
mean duration of hospital stay was six days. The mortality rate in renal diseases was
3.2%.
Conclusion
Renal diseases make up a significant portion of pediatric admissions. Renal diseases
contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. A large number of cases of renal
diseases are due to infective etiology hence they are preventable and curable. Renal
disease in children presents with vague symptoms and signs. Routine screening of
renal diseases is needed for early diagnosis and reduction in morbidity and mortality.
Keyword : Kidney diseases, Pediatrics, Urinary tract infection
