KUMJ | VOL. 10 | NO. 3 | ISSUE 39 | JUL-SEP, 2012
Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting with Breast Cancer in Nepal
Acharya SC, Jha AK, Manandhar T
Abstract: Background
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women in Nepal. Even though
the evaluation and treatment of patients is done as per western guidelines, there are
considerable variations in risk factors, presenting stage and prognostic factors such as
receptor status.
Objective
To evaluate the clinical profile of patients presenting with breast cancer in Nepal.
Method
The study was conducted at Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Bir Hospital
and Department of Radiation Oncology, BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur
from 16th July 2007 to 15th June 2008 for a period of one year and 114 patients were
enrolled. Detailed history, clinical examination and necessary investigations performed.
Histological features including receptor status were recorded. Tumor Node Metastasis
(TNM) staging system was as per American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), fifth
edition. Data was collected in preformed case report form and was managed using
SPSS version 13.
Results
The incidence was high (34.2%) among perimenopausal women age ranging from
41 to 50. The majority of women presented with lump (98.2%) and others with pain
(21.9%), nipple retraction (16.7%), ulceration (7.9%), discharge (7%), or symptoms
of metastasis (6.1%). Regarding receptor status, the majority (64.0%) were Estrogen
receptor (ER) and Progesterone receptor (PR) negative with 21.9 percent. ER+PR+,
Younger women were more likely to be both ER and PR negative. Where available, Her-
2 immunohistochemistry showed that 45.0 % of post menopausal women were Her-2
neative, compared to 64.0 % of premenopausal women. Incidence of Triple negative
disease was 41.3 %. The most common stage at presentation was stage III (26.3%).
Conclusion
Majority of patients were perimenopausal, presenting with locally advanced disease
(Stage III and Stage II) and with average tumor size two to five cm and were hormonal
receptor negative. These findings are similar to other South Asian population but is
inverse than profile reported in Western populations.
Keyword : Breast Cancer, Estrogen Recepter (ER), Progesterone Recepter (PR), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor - 2 (Her-2/neu)
