KUMJ | VOL. 11 | NO. 3 | ISSUE 43 | JULY- SEPT, 2013
Non Medical Interventions for Childhood Diarrhoea Control:Way Forward in Nepal
Khanal V, Bhandari R, Karkee R
Abstract: Background
Diarrhoeal diseases remain a major cause of mortality of children aged under-five
years in the developing countries including Nepal. The transmission of diarrhoea
mostly caused by biological agents and is facilitated by the behavioural, social and
environmental factors. More recently, the concept of prevention altering these
factors is getting momentum.
Objective
To recommend the most effective non medical intervention that can prevent and
control childhood diarrhoeal disease in Nepal.
Methods
Litrature review was conducted to analyse the successful interventions in developing
countries. Peer review articles were accessed from “Science direct”, “Google
Scholar”, and “Pubmed”. Interventions focussing on social and environmental
determinants of diarrhoea were included.
Results
Four interventions (with primary focus in social and environmental determinants of
diarrhoeal disease) were purposively selected, summarized and discussed.
Saniya programme (Burkina Faso 1995 to 1998) is considered successful in modifying
the risk behaviours. Intensive hand washing programme (Pakistan 2002 to 2003),
a cluster randomized controlled trail, was not sustainable as the results did not
last long once the free supply of soap was stopped. School Led Total Sanitation
(Nepal 2006) is a participatory, community centred program whose focus is on local
ownership. This program approach is effective and feasible for scaling up in Nepal.
Global Public Private Partnership for Hand washing with Soap (Ghana 2002) was
based on the marketing researches and hence yielded effective results.
Conclusion
Combination of School Led Total Sanitation and Global Public Private Partnership
for hand washing with soap suits Nepal. These interventions focus on creating
demand, changing behaviour and thereby, improving the sanitation status.
Keyword : Burning mouth syndrome, idiopathic, stomatodynia, xerostomia
