KUMJ | VOL. 15 | NO. 2 | ISSUE 58 | APRIL-JUNE 2017
Disease Profile and Hospital Outcome of Newborn Admitted to Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit at Tertiary Care Center in Nepal
Chapagain RH, Basaula YN, Kayatha M, Adhikari K, Shrestha SM
Abstract: Background
Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is decreasing in Nepal but at a slower pace than infant
and child mortality. In order to improve neonatal outcome, Care of sick children can
be done better so as to aid in reducing neonatal mortality rate.
Objective
The objective was to identify pattern of diseases and outcome admitted to Neonatal
Intermediate care Unit (NIMCU).
Method
A retrospective study was conducted at Neonatal Intermediate care Unit of Kanti
Children’s hospital from Bhadra 2071 to Shravan 2073 (August 2014 to July 2016).
Result
Total 1286 neonates were admitted in Neonatal Intermediate care Unit with the
highest admission in the months of Bhadra (August-September) 12.52% and the
lowest in Push (December-January) 4.82%. Among the admitted cases, 1,028 (80.0%)
were full term while 256 (20.0%) were preterm. Among the total admission, 43.6%
were less than 7 days old which is the most vulnerable period during the newborn
phase. Admission due to neonatal sepsis was 892 (69.36%). Among them, 628
(70.40%) were late onset neonatal sepsis while 264 (29.60%) were early onset.
Neonatal jaundice accounted for 12.36% (159) of the cases while Hypoxic Ischemic
Encephalopathy accounted for 4.80% (62) of cases. Congenital Heart Disease were
53 (4.12%) and neonatal pustulosis were 27 (2.20%). Meningitis accounted for 45
(3.49%) of cases and UTI 29 (2.22). Death during treatment were 18 (1.39%). 7% of
cases deteriorated and referred to NICU while, 3.2 % of cases were referred to other
centers and 5.1% of cases were either discharged on request or left against medical
advice.
Conclusion
Neonatal sepsis including both early and late onset, Congenital Heart disease, birth
asphyxia and neonatal Jaundice accounted for majority of admission in NICU. Three
of four these etiologies are preventable up to some extent.
Keyword : Morbidity, mortality neonate, sepsis, outcome
