KUMJ | VOL. 17 | NO. 1 | ISSUE 65 | JAN.-MARCH, 2019
Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Hypothyroidism
Shrestha A, Tripathi P, Dongol A
Abstract: Background
Pregnancy is an important event in reproductive years of women life. It has a
reversible effect on the thyroid gland and its functions. The role of thyroid gland
function and conception has been known for a long time. The most common thyroid
gland dysfunction in pregnancy is hypothyroidism. It is estimated that the prevalence
is 1.5-4.4% of pregnant women. It is known to cause complications during pregnancy
leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Objective
To observe the pregnancy outcomes in patients with hypothyroidism.
Method
This is a retrospective study conducted from January 2015 to December 2018. Two
hundred and thirty nine patients with hypothyroidism were included. They were
investigated for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free tri iodothyronin (FT
), free
thyroxine (FT
) levels and for auto-antibodies against thyroperoxidase (anti TPO). All
these patients after the detection of hypothyroidism were under thyroxine hormone
replacement.
4
Result
Amongst 239 ladies with hypothyroidism 97.5% came from hilly region. Seventy seven
(32%)of them had history of abortions. Twenty three (9.8%) of them had antepartum
hemorrhage. Eleven (4.6%) had preeclampsia during this pregnancy. Seven (2.9%)
had fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Seven (2.9%) had fetuses
with preterm delivery. Twenty seven (11.3%) of fetuses had APGAR Score of < 6.
Conclusion
Of 239 women with hypothyroidism, many had history of recurrent abortions and
also complications during antenatal period like preeclampsia, abruption placenta,
IUGR and preterm delivery. After thyroxine replacement, risk is much lowered and it
has a positive outcome.
Keyword : Abruptio placenta, APGAR score, Hypothyroidism, Preeclampsia, Thyroxine
