Background: Injury and violence cause five million deaths annually in the world which is around 9% of the global mortality. Eight out of fifteen leading causes of deaths in the age group 15-25 years are injury related.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the incidence, severity and socio-economic burden of injuries and violence in two cities of Nepal.

Materials and methods: Relevant data was collected from 17th August 2008 to 16th September 2008 from injured patients attending emergency departments at six health centres in two cities.

Results: In total, 505 injury cases were reported. 42.5% of the injuries occurred in roads and 34.1% at home. 65% of road traffic injuries involved motorcycles. The majority (60%) of the injured subjects were economically active. A single injury case cost 126.2 US$ including all the expenses and the loss due to inability to work.

Conclusion: The high incidence of injuries, especially road traffic injuries, adds a huge economic burden to nation.